Dandruff is a common scalp condition characterized by: - White or yellowish flakes - Itchy scalp - Redness and irritation - Flakes may fall off onto clothing or hair Causes of dandruff: - Overproduction of skin cells - Fungal infection (malassezia) - Sensitivity to hair care products - Stress - Hormonal changes - Poor diet - Genetics Treatment options: - Anti-dandruff shampoos (zinc pyrithione, ketoconazole, coal tar) - Medicated scalp treatments - Tea tree oil - Coconut oil - Olive oil - Apple cider vinegar - Dietary changes (increase omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin B, zinc)